The history of Japan

Japanese history begins with the Jomon period, when people lived by hunting and gathering. In the Yayoi period rice growing spread and villages grew into small states, and in the age of the great burial mounds the Yamato court brought the land together. People learned from the continent through missions to Tang China, and under Prince Shotoku, the Taika Reform, and Emperor Shomu, who had the Great Buddha built, a country centered on the emperor took shape, while a Japanese style of culture and the kana script grew out of court life. After the wars between the Minamoto and the Taira, Minamoto no Yoritomo opened the Kamakura shogunate and rule by warriors began, and the Mongol invasions were driven back. The Muromachi period gave us the Golden Pavilion and the noh and kyogen theater we still have today. The age of warring states was brought together by Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu, and the Edo shogunate kept a long, steady rule through control of the lords, a system of ranks, required visits to Edo, and closed borders, while the culture of the townspeople, such as kabuki and ukiyo-e, and studies such as Dutch learning flourished. The arrival of the black ships led to the fall of the shogunate, and the Meiji Restoration brought modernization learned from Europe and America. A constitution was written, and through the movement for people's rights and the wars with China and Russia, Japan's place in the world grew. But the war with China and the Pacific War went on for years, atomic bombs were dropped, and terrible damage was done at home and abroad. After the war, under reforms and the new Constitution, Japan rebuilt as a peaceful, democratic country, held the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics, and has taken its part in the world.

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